Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes

Duplex stainless steel pipes are a type of stainless steel pipe that are known for their strength, corrosion resistance, and durability. They are made from an alloy of ferrous metal that is about 50% iron and are also known as austenitic-ferritic stainless steel.
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Was established in 2006, located in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China. We have more than ten years of export business experience.

 

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Our company's business covers the Middle East, North Africa, South America, Southeast Asia, Central America and other regions, with an annual export value of more than 10 million US dollars.

 

What Is Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes?

 

Duplex stainless steel pipes are a type of stainless steel pipe that are known for their strength, corrosion resistance, and durability. They are made from an alloy of ferrous metal that is about 50% iron and are also known as austenitic-ferritic stainless steel.

 

TP321 Stainless Steel Tube1

TP321 Stainless Steel Tube

Stainless steel welded tube, referred to as welded tube, is a steel tube made from commonly used steel or steel strips, which are crimped and formed by units and molds. The production process of welded steel tube is simple, with high production efficiency, numerous varieties and specifications, and requires relatively small equipment investments, although its general strength is lower than that of seamless steel tube.

TP347H Stainless Steel Tube3

TP347H Stainless Steel Tube

Stainless steel welded tubes are categorized into straight seam welded tubes and spiral welded tubes based on the type of welds. According to their specific applications, they are further classified into general welded tubes, heat exchanger tubes, condenser tubes, galvanized welded tubes, oxygen blown welded tubes, wire casings, metric welded tubes, idler tubes, deep well pump tubes, automobile tubes, transformer tubes, electric welding thin-wall tubes, electric welded shaped tubes, and spiral welded tubes.

S31500 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe2

S31500 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

The main feature of duplex stainless steel is that its yield strength can reach 400-550 MPa, which is twice that of ordinary stainless steel. This characteristic allows for material savings and reduced equipment manufacturing costs. In terms of corrosion resistance, especially in harsh environments (such as seawater with high chloride ion content), duplex stainless steel exhibits significantly better resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, stress corrosion, and corrosion fatigue compared to ordinary austenitic stainless steel, and its performance is comparable to that of high-alloy austenitic stainless steel.

S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

Duplex stainless steel pipe has good welding performance. Compared with ferritic stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel, it does not exhibit the welding heat-affected zone issues seen in ferritic stainless steel, where severe grain coarsening greatly reduces plasticity and toughness. It is also less sensitive to welding hot cracking than austenitic stainless steels.

S32750 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe3

S32750 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

Duplex stainless steel is called "duplex" because its metallographic microstructure consists of two types of stainless steel grains, ferrite and austenite. The strength of duplex stainless steel is about twice that of conventional austenitic stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel and has good plasticity and toughness. In most application environments, duplex stainless steels show high corrosion resistance and resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC).

S32760 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe2

S32760 Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

Duplex stainless steel pipes are primarily used in the following applications: neutral chloride environments, oil refining industry, petrochemical and chemical industries, chemical industry pipelines, oil and gas industry, pulp and paper industry, fertilizer industry, urea industry, phosphate fertilizer industry, seawater environments, energy and environmental protection industries, light industry, food industry, and the food and pharmaceutical industries.

N04400 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube

N04400 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube

N04400 nickel alloy, also known as Monel alloy, is an alloy made of metal nickel as the base and adding copper, iron, manganese and other elements. It has good corrosion resistance in seawater, chemical solvents, ammonia sulfur chloride, hydrogen chloride, various acidic media such as sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acids, alkaline media, salt and molten salt. N04400 nickel alloy also has good mechanical properties, good welding performance and medium and high strength in a wide range of service temperatures from low temperature to high temperature.

N06600 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube1

N06600 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube

N06600 alloy, also known as Inconel 600, is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy that is both corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant. N06600 exhibits good corrosion resistance in acetic acid, formic acid, stearic acid, and other organic acids, while showing moderate resistance to inorganic acids. Its outstanding feature is the ability to resist corrosion from dry chlorine gas and hydrogen chloride, with an application temperature reaching up to 650°C. At high temperatures, annealed and solution-treated N06600 alloys demonstrate good resistance to oxidation spalling and maintain high strength in air.

N06601 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube1

N06601 Nickel Alloy Steel Tube

N06601 is a nickel-based alloy material, also known as Inconel 601 alloy. It is mainly composed of nickel and chromium, but also contains elements such as iron, aluminum and titanium. N06601 has excellent properties such as anti-oxidation, anti-corrosion and high temperature resistance, so it is widely used in chemical industry, petrochemical industry, aerospace, nuclear industry and other fields. N06601 is suitable for high temperature, high corrosion, high strength and structural materials not affected by creep, such as heat exchangers, furnace tubes, reactors, etc.

 

Benefits of Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes

 

Corrosion Resistance
Duplex SS contains about 20% of chromium in addition to the molybdenum content. Together, these elements make duplex stainless steel grades extremely resistant to severely corrosive environments. Duplex and Super duplex grades of stainless steel can withstand crevice, pitting, chloride ion, and stress corrosion even at elevated temperatures.

 

Machining Properties
Duplex Stainless Steel grades have great fatigue strength and superior mechanical properties.

 

Heat resistant and hot-working range
Duplex stainless steel grades are resistant to heat and high-temperature environments. Duplex Steel UNS S31803 Pipes and Tubes do not necessarily require forging, they can be rolled directly. However, in high heat environments, it is tougher to work with chromium alloys than austenitic alloys. Thus, it is easier to hot-roll duplex SS pipes that have low chromium content.

 

Weldability
Duplex SS grades have superior weldability. These pipes do not crack easily under pressure and heat influence. Preheating the material before the welding process is not required in the case of Duplex SS Pipes.

 

Thermal Conductivity and Expansion
When Duplex SS pipes are compared to austenitic grades of SS pipes such as 304 and 316, it is observed that Duplex pipes have proven to have better thermal conductivity with a lower rate of expansion. This property of incredible thermal conductivity makes Duplex SS pipes appropriate for applications in composite plating and as the core element in a heat exchanger.

 

 
Applications of Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

 

Oil and gas industry
 

Offshore platforms

Used in topside piping, fire water systems, and seawater cooling systems.

Subsea pipelines

Employed for transporting oil and gas in corrosive marine environments.

Processing equipment

Utilized in heat exchangers, pressure vessels, and separators.

Downhole applications

Used in tubulars and completion equipment where high strength and corrosion resistance are crucial.

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes

Chemical processing

 

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe1

Chemical transport

Used for piping systems carrying corrosive chemicals.

Reactors and vessels

Employed in the construction of process equipment handling aggressive media.

Heat exchangers

Utilized where high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance are required.

Storage tanks

Used for storing various chemicals and intermediate products.

Desalination and water treatment
 

Reverse osmosis systems

Used in high-pressure pumps and piping for seawater desalination plants.

Brine handling

Employed in piping systems for concentrated salt solutions.

Water distribution

Utilized in large diameter pipes for potable water systems, especially in coastal areas.

Wastewater treatment

Used in various stages of wastewater processing plants.

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe2

Pulp and paper industry

 

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe3

Digesters

Employed in the construction of vessels used for pulping wood chips.

Bleaching equipment

Used in piping and vessels for corrosive bleaching chemicals.

Recovery boilers

Utilized in high-temperature, high-pressure applications in the recovery process.

General mill piping

Used for various process fluids throughout paper mills.

Food and beverage processing
 

Brewing tanks

Employed in the construction of fermentation and storage vessels.

Dairy equipment

Used in milk processing and cheese-making equipment.

Fruit juice processing

Utilized in piping systems for acidic fruit juices.

General food processing

Used in various stages of food production where hygiene and corrosion resistance are paramount.

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe1

Offshore and marine applications

 

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes

Seawater systems

Used in cooling water pipes, firefighting systems, and desalination plants on ships and offshore platforms.

Propeller shafts

Employed in marine propulsion systems.

Offshore wind turbines

Utilized in structural components and piping systems for offshore wind farms.

Port facilities

Used in jetty piping and loading arms for corrosive environments.

Construction and architecture
 

Structural applications

Employed in bridges, particularly in coastal areas or where de-icing salts are used.

Façade support systems

Used in exterior cladding support structures for buildings.

Reinforcement bars

Utilized in concrete structures in marine environments or exposed to de-icing salts.

Swimming pools

Used in pool piping systems and supporting structures.

Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe3

 

Properties Of Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe
 

Strength: Duplex stainless steels are about twice as strong as regular austenitic or ferritic stainless steels.

 

Toughness and ductility: Duplex stainless steels have significantly better toughness and ductility than ferritic grades; however, they do not reach the excellent values of austenitic grades.

 

Corrosion resistance: As with all stainless steels, corrosion resistance depends mostly on the composition of the stainless steel. For chloride pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, their chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen content are most important. Duplex stainless steel grades have a range of corrosion resistance, similar to the range for austenitic stainless steels, i.e from Type 304 or 316 (e.g. LDX 2101©) to 6% molybdenum (e.g. SAF 2507©) stainless steels.

 

Stress corrosion cracking resistance: Duplex stainless steels show very good stress corrosion cracking (SCC) resistance, a property they have "inherited" from the ferritic side. SCC can be a problem under certain circumstances (chlorides, humidity, elevated temperature) for standard austenitics such as Types 304 and 316.

 

Cost: Duplex stainless steels have lower nickel and molybdenum contents than their austenitic counterparts of similar corrosion resistance. Due to the lower alloying content, duplex stainless steels can be lower in cost, especially in times of high alloy surcharges. Additionally, it may often be possible to reduce the section thickness of duplex stainless steel, due to its increased yield strength compared to austenitic stainless steel. The combination can lead to significant cost and weight savings compared to a solution in austenitic stainless steels.

 

Due to its special advantages, duplex stainless steel is widely used in petrochemical equipment, seawater and wastewater treatment equipment, oil and gas pipelines, paper-making machinery and other industrial fields. In recent years, it has also been used in the field of bridge bearing structure, with a good development prospect.

 

 
Properties of Duplex Stainless Steel Pipe

 

The unique microstructure of duplex stainless steel pipes results in a combination of properties that make them suitable for a wide range of applications. Understanding these properties is crucial for determining the suitability of duplex stainless steel pipes for specific use cases.

1. Mechanical properties

High strength
Duplex stainless steel pipes exhibit significantly higher yield strength compared to austenitic stainless steels.

This high strength allows for reduced wall thickness in many applications, leading to weight savings and potentially lower material costs.

The increased strength also provides better resistance to external pressures and structural loads.

Good ductility and toughness
Despite their high strength, duplex stainless steel pipes maintain good ductility.

They offer excellent toughness, especially at low temperatures, making them suitable for cryogenic applications.

The combination of strength and toughness contributes to their resistance to fatigue and impact.

2. Corrosion resistance

General corrosion resistance
Duplex stainless steel pipes offer excellent resistance to general corrosion in various environments.

Their high chromium content forms a protective passive layer, similar to other stainless steels.

Resistance to chloride pitting and crevice corrosion
The balanced microstructure and alloying elements (particularly molybdenum and nitrogen) provide superior resistance to localized corrosion.

This makes duplex stainless steel pipes especially suitable for marine environments and chloride-containing process fluids.

Stress corrosion cracking resistance
Duplex stainless steel pipes show excellent resistance to stress corrosion cracking, particularly in chloride-containing environments.

This property is crucial in applications where high stresses and corrosive environments coexist.

3. Weldability

Duplex stainless steel pipes generally have good weldability, better than fully ferritic grades.

Proper welding procedures and filler materials are essential to maintain the phase balance and corrosion resistance in the weld zone.

Post-weld heat treatment is often not required for most duplex grades, which can simplify fabrication processes.

4. Temperature limitations

Duplex stainless steel pipes perform well in a wide range of temperatures, typically from -50°C to 300°C.

At higher temperatures (above 300°C), the ferrite phase can become brittle, limiting their use in high-temperature applications.

For cryogenic applications, specific grades of duplex stainless steel are available that maintain good toughness at very low temperatures.

These properties make duplex stainless steel pipes an excellent choice for many demanding applications, especially where a combination of high strength and corrosion resistance is required. However, it's important to consider the specific grade of duplex stainless steel and the exact requirements of the application when making material selections.

 

 
Certifications

 

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Our Factory

 

Our company's business covers the Middle East, North Africa, South America, Southeast Asia, Central America and other regions, with an annual export value of more than 10 million US dollars.

 

 

 
FAQ

 

Q: What is the ASTM standard for duplex pipe?

A: The ASME SA790 Duplex Pipe can be used in general corrosive services with particular resistance to corrosion cracking. The pipes come in ½ inches through 12 inches in nominal bore sizes. The ASTM A790 Duplex Stainless Steel Welded Pipe is of larger diameter pipes with schedules ranging from sch20 through sch80.

Q: What is duplex stainless steel pipe?

A: Duplex stainless steel is a very useful metal that is used the world over. It gets its name from the fact that it consists of two different grades of metal. Essentially, Duplex is a Fe-Ni-Cr alloy that has a two-phase ferritic-austenitic stainless-steel microstructure when it is at room temperature.

Q: What grade is duplex 2205 pipe?

A: Duplex 2205 is a two-phase, ferritic, austenitic 22% chromium, 3% molybdenum, 5 to 6% nickel alloyed stainless steel. It is the most widely used duplex stainless steel grade and is characterized by high yield strength, double that of the standard austenitic stainless steel grades.

Q: How thick is duplex stainless steel?

A: Duplex 2205 Sheet / Plate can be hot rolled or cold rolled. The cold rolled plates range from 0.5mm to 6.4mm where the hot rolled plates range from 3.mm to 10mm. But the sheets could be made from 0.1mm to 100mm in thickness with a width of 10mm to 2500mm.

Q: What is the allowable stress of duplex stainless steel?

A: For 22%Cr duplex stainless steel, which has a yield strength of 450 MPa and a tensile strength of 620 MPa, the allowable stress is governed by the tensile strength and is equal to 206 MPa at ambient temperature.

Q: What is the corrosion rate of duplex stainless steel?

A: The sample in HCl solution obtained a uniform corrosion rate of 0.85% at 25 °C and 0.92% at 50 °C and pitting rates of 0.77% and 1.47% at the same temperatures, respectively. When tested in FeCl3 solution, it obtained uniform corrosion of 0.0006% and 0.93% and pitting of 0.53% and 18.5%, at the same temperatures.

Q: What is the embrittlement of duplex stainless steel?

A: This embrittlement occurs due to the precipitation of chromium-rich ferrite ("alpha prime") within the iron-rich ferrite. Even properly heat-treated duplex stainless steels lose useful toughness below about – 50°F because the ferrite phase undergoes a ductile-to-brittle fracture transition with declining temperature.

Q: What grade is duplex stainless steel?

A: Our duplex steel grades 2507 and 4501 are regarded as super duplex stainless steel grades. They are highly alloyed and have a corrosion resistance comparable to high performance austenitics like 254 SMO.

Q: What is the temperature limit for duplex stainless steel?

A: The decrease in impact toughness due to the spinodal decomposition that takes place at temperatures between 250 – 500 °C limits the application temperature range for duplex stainless steel.

Q: What is the heat input for duplex stainless steel?

A: A maximum heat input of 2.5kJ/mm should be acceptable for the duplex steels and 2.0kJ/mm maximum for superduplex. Many codes and contract specifications, however, further restrict heat inputs to less than 1.75 - 2kJ/mm for duplex steels and 1.5 - 1.75kJ/mm for superduplex.

Q: How thick is duplex stainless steel pipe?

A: 0.5 mm to 30 mm
For instance Duplex, Ss Pipe that is round in shape can have an outer diameter range from 6 mm to 630 mm and the wall thickness range from 0.5 mm to 30 mm. Duplex Steel Pipe has the ability to resist chloride ion related stress corrosion and is used in rotary shafts, blades, press rolls, impellers, etc.

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